The Bark Canoes and Skin Boats of North America 3

The Bark Canoes and Skin Boats of North America 3

138 Photo: Fur-trade canoe brigade from Christopherson's Hudson's

Bay Company post, about 1885. 146

 

139 Forest rangers, Lake Timagami, Ontario. (_Canadian Pacific

Railway Company photo._) 147

 

140 Photo: Models made by Adney of fur-trade canoe stem-pieces. 149

 

141 Photo: Models by Adney of fur-trade canoe stem-pieces. 151

 

142 Portaging a 4½-fathom fur-trade canoe, about 1902, near the

head of the Ottawa River. (_Canadian Pacific Railway Company

photo._) 152

 

143 Decorations, fur-trade canoes (_Watercolor sketch by Adney._) 153

 

144 Lines of 2-fathom Chipewyan hunter's canoe. 155

 

145 Lines of 2½-fathom Chipewyan and 3-fathom Dogrib cargo, or

family, canoes. 156

 

146 Lines of 3-fathom Slavey and 2½-fathom Algonkin-type

Athabascan plank-stem canoes. 157

 

147 Lines of Eskimo kayak-form birch-bark canoe from Alaskan

Coast. 159

 

148 Lines of Athabascan hunting canoes of the kayak form. 160

 

149 Lines of extinct forms of Loucheux and bateau-form canoes,

reconstructed from old models. 161

 

150 Lines of kayak-form canoes of the Alaskan Eskimos and

Canadian Athabascan Indians. 163

 

151 Lines of kayak-form canoe of British Columbia and upper Yukon

valley. 164

 

152 Construction of kayak-form canoe of the lower Yukon, showing

rigid bottom frame. (_Smithsonian Institution photo._) 165

 

153 Photo: Model of an extinct form of Athabascan type birch-bark

canoe, of British Columbia. In Peabody Museum, Harvard

University. 167

 

154 Lines of sturgeon-nose bark canoe of the Kutenai and Shuswap. 169

 

155 Ojibway canoe construction. (_Canadian Geological Survey

photos._) 170-171

 

156 Photo: Indians with canoe at Alert Bay, on Cormorant Island,

B. C. 173

 

157 Eighteenth-century lines drawing of a kayak, from Labrador or

southern Baffin Island. 175

 

158 Western Alaskan umiak with eight women paddling, Cape Prince

of Wales, Alaska, 1936. (_Photo by Henry B. Collins._) 177

 

159 Western Alaskan umiak being beached, Cape Prince of Wales,

Alaska, 1936. (_Photo by Henry B. Collins._) 177

 

160 Repairing umiak frame at St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, 1930.

(_Photo by Henry B. Collins._) 178

 

161 Eskimo woman splitting walrus hide to make umiak cover, St.

Lawrence Island, Alaska, 1930. (_Photo by Henry B. Collins._)

178

 

162 Fitting split walrus-hide cover to umiak at St. Lawrence

Island, Alaska, 1930. (_Photo by Henry B. Collins._) 179

 

163 Outboard motor installed on umiak, Cape Prince of Wales,

Alaska, 1936. (_Photo by Henry B. Collins._) 179

 

164 Launching umiak in light surf, Cape Prince of Wales, Alaska,

1936. (_Photo by Henry B. Collins._) 179

 

165 Umiaks on racks, in front of village on Little Diomede

Island, July 30, 1936. (_Photo by Henry B. Collins._) 181

 

166 Umiak covered with split walrus hide, Cape Prince of Wales,

Alaska. (_Photo by Henry B. Collins._) 183

 

167 Lines of small umiak for walrus hunting, west coast of

Alaska. 1888-89 184

 

168 Umiaks near Cape Prince of Wales, Alaska, showing walrus hide

cover and lacing. (_Photo by Henry B. Collins._) 185

 

169 Lines of umiak, west coast of Alaska, King Island, 1886 186

 

170 Making the blind seam: two stages of method used by the

Eskimo to join skins together. 186

 

171 Lines of north Alaskan whaling umiak of about 1890 187

 

172 Lines of Baffin Island umiak, 1885. Drawn from model and

detailed measurements of a single boat. 188

 

173 Lines of east Greenland umiak, drawn from measurements taken

off by a U.S. Army officer in 1945. 189

 

174 Frame of kayak, Nunivak Island, Alaska. (_Photo by Henry B.

Collins._) 191

 

175 Frame of kayak at Nunivak Island, Alaska, 1927. (_Photo by

Henry B. Collins._) 193

 

176 Lines of Koryak kayak, drawn from damaged kayak in the

American Museum of Natural History, 1948. 195

 

177 Lines of Kodiak Island kayak, 1885, in U.S. National Museum. 196

 

178 Lines of Aleutian kayak, Unalaska, 1894, in U.S. National

Museum. 196

 

179 Lines of kayak from Russian Siberia, 2-hole Aleutian type, in

Washington State Historical Society and Museum. Taken off by

John Heath, 1962. 197

 

180 Lines of Nunivak Island kayak, Alaska, 1889, in U.S. National

Museum. 198

 

181 Lines of King Island kayak, Alaska, 1888, in U.S. National

Museum. 198

 

182 Lines of Norton Sound kayak, Alaska, 1889, in U.S. National

Museum. 198

 

183 Nunivak Island kayak with picture of mythological water

monster Palriayuk painted along gunwale. (_Photo by Henry B.

Collins._) 199

 

184 Photo: Nunivak Island kayak in U.S. National Museum. 199

 

185 Western Alaskan kayak, Cape Prince of Wales, 1936. (_Photo by

Henry B. Collins._) 200

 

186 Lines of Kotzebue Sound kayak, in Mariners' Museum. 201

 

187 Lines of Point Barrow kayak, Alaska, 1888, in U.S. National

Museum. 201

 

188 Lines of Mackenzie Delta kayak, in Museum of the American

Indian. 201

 

189 Photo: Kayak from Point Barrow, Alaska, in U.S. National

Museum. 202

 

190 Photo: Cockpit of kayak from Point Barrow. 202

 

191 Lines of kayak in U.S. National Museum. 203

 

192 Lines of kayak from Coronation Gulf, Canada. 203

 

193 Lines of Caribou Eskimo kayak, Canada, in American Museum of

Natural History. 203

 

194 Lines of Netsilik Eskimo kayak, King William Island, Canada,

in the American Museum of Natural History. 203

 

195 Lines of old kayak from vicinity of Southampton Island,

Canada. 205

 

196 Lines of Baffin Island kayak, from Cape Dorset, Canada, in

the Museum of the American Indian. 205

 

197 Lines of kayak from north Labrador, Canada, in the Museum of

the American Indian. 207

 

198 Lines of Labrador kayak, Canada, in the U.S. National Museum. 207

 

199 Lines of north Greenland kayak, in the Museum of the American

Indian. 207

 

200 Lines of north Greenland kayak, in the Peabody Museum, Salem,

Mass. 207

 

201 Photo: Profile of Greenland kayak from Disko Bay, in the

National Museum. 208

 

202 Photo: Deck of Greenland kayak from Disko Bay. 208

 

203 Photo: Cockpit of Greenland kayak from Disko Bay. 209

 

204 Photo: Bow view of Greenland kayak from Disko Bay. 209

 

205 Lines of northwestern Greenland kayak, in the U.S. National

Museum. 210

 

206 Lines of southwestern Greenland kayak, 1883, in the U.S.

National Museum. 210

 

207 Lines of southwestern Greenland kayak, in the Peabody Museum,

Salem, Mass. 210

 

208 Lines of south Greenland kayak, in the American Museum of

Natural History. 211

 

209 Lines of Malecite and Iroquois temporary canoes. 214

 

210 Photo: Model of hickory-bark canoe under construction, in the Mariner's Museum. 217