The Bark Canoes and Skin Boats of North America 2

The Bark Canoes and Skin Boats of North America 2

59 Drawing: Details of Micmac canoes, including mast and sail. 67

 

60 Micmac canoe, Bathurst, N.B. (_Canadian Geological Survey

photo._) 68

 

61 Micmac woman gumming seams of canoe, Bathurst, N.B., 1913.

(_Canadian Geological Survey photo._) 69

 

62 Lines of 2½-fathom Malecite river canoe, 19th century. Old

form with raking ends and much sheer. 71

 

63 Lines of old form of Malecite-Abnaki 2½-fathom ocean canoe of

the Penobscots in the Peabody Museum, Salem, Mass. 72

 

64 Lines of large 3-fathom ocean canoe of the Passamaquoddy

porpoise hunters. 73

 

65 Lines of old form of Passamaquoddy 2½-fathom ocean canoe. 74

 

66 Lines of Malecite racing canoe of 1888, showing ~V~-shaped keel

piece between sheathing and bark to form deadrise. 75

 

67 Lines of sharp-ended 2½-fathom Passamaquoddy hunting canoe,

for use on tidal river. 76

 

68 Lines of Malecite 2½-fathom St. Lawrence River canoe,

probably a hybrid model. 77

 

69 Lines of Malecite 2½-fathom river canoe of 1890 from the

Rivière du Loup region. 78

 

70 Lines of Modern (1895) 2½-fathom Malecite St. John River

canoe. 79

 

71 Drawing: Malecite canoe details, gear, and gunwale

decorations. 80

 

72 Drawing: Malecite canoe details, stem profiles, paddles, sail

rig, and salmon spear. 81

 

73 Lines and decoration reconstructed from a very old model of a

St. John River ancient woods, or pack, canoe. 81

 

74 Lines of last known Passamaquoddy decorated ocean canoe to be

built (1898). 82

 

75 Drawing: Malecite canoe details and decorations. 83

 

76 Sketches: Wulegessis decorations. 84-85

 

77 Photo: End decorations, Passamaquoddy canoe. 86

 

78 Photo: End decorations, Passamaquoddy canoe. 87

 

79 Photo: Passamaquoddy decorated canoe. 87

 

80 Lines of 2-fathom St. Francis canoe of about 1865 89

 

81 Lines of "14-foot" St. Francis canoe of about 191090

 

82 Lines of 2½-fathom low-ended St. Francis canoe. 91

 

83 Lines of St. Francis-Abnaki canoe for open water, a type that

became extinct before 1890. From Adney's drawings of a canoe

formerly in the Museum of Natural History. 92

 

84 Photo: Model of a St. Francis-Abnaki canoe under construction. 93

 

85 Photo: St. Francis-Abnaki canoe. 93

 

86 A 15-foot Beothuk canoe of Newfoundland (_Sketch by Adney._) 95

 

87 Lines based on Adney's reconstruction of 15-foot Beothuk

canoe. 97

 

88 Montagnais crooked canoe. (_Canadian Geological Survey

photo._) 100

 

89 Birch-bark crooked canoe, Ungava Cree. (_Smithsonian

Institution photo._) 101

 

90 Lines of 3-fathom Nascapee canoe, eastern Labrador. 102

 

91 Lines of 2-fathom Montagnais canoe of southern Labrador and

Quebec. 102

 

92 Lines of 2½-fathom crooked canoe of the Ungava Peninsula. 103

 

93 Lines of hybrid-model 2-fathom Nascapee canoe. 103

 

94 Eastern Cree crooked canoe of rather moderate sheer and

rocker. (_Canadian Pacific Railway Company photo._) 104

 

95 Photo: Straight and crooked canoes, eastern Cree. 105

 

96 Montagnais canvas-covered crooked canoe under construction.

(_Canadian Geological Survey photo._) 106

 

97 Sketch: Fiddlehead of scraped bark on bow and stern of a

Montagnais birch-bark canoe at Seven Islands, Que., 1915. 107

 

98 Sketch: Disk of colored porcupine quills decorating canoe

found at Namaquagon, Que., 1898. 107

 

99 Fleet of 51 birch-bark canoes of the Têtes de Boule Indians,

assembled at the Hudson's Bay Company post, Grand Lake

Victoria, Procession Sunday, August 1895. (_Photo,

Post-Factor L. A. Christopherson._) 108

 

100 Photo: Têtes de Boule canoe. 109

 

101 Photo: Têtes de Boule canoes. 110

 

102 Lines of 1½-fathom Têtes de Boule hunting canoe. 111

 

103 Lines of 2½-fathom Têtes de Boule canoe, with construction

details. 111

 

104 Lines of 2-fathom Têtes de Boule hunting canoe. 112

 

105 Photo: Old Algonkin canoe. 113

 

106 Lines of 2½-fathom old model, Ottawa River, Algonkin canoe. 114

 

107 Photo: Models made by Adney of Algonkin and Ojibway

stem-pieces. 115

 

108 Lines of light, fast 2-fathom hunting canoe of the old

Algonkin model. 116

 

109 Lines of hybrid 2½- and 2-fathom Algonkin canoes. 117

 

110 Lines of 2-fathom Algonkin hunter's canoe, without headboards. 118

 

111 Photo: Algonkin canoe, old type. 119

 

112 Photo: Algonkin "Wabinaki Chiman" 120

 

113 Algonkin canoe decorations, Golden Lake, Ont. 121

 

114 Lines of 2-fathom Ojibway hunter's canoe, built in 1873 123

 

115 Lines of 3-fathom Ojibway old model rice-harvesting canoe and

2-fathom hunter's canoe. 124

 

116 Lines of 3-fathom Ojibway freight canoe. 124

 

117 Lines of 2½-fathom Ojibway, old form, canoe and a 16-foot

long-nose Cree-Ojibway canoe. 125

 

118 Eastern Ojibway canoe, old form. (_Canadian Pacific Railway

photo._) 126

 

119 Photo: Ojibway Long-Nose canoe, Rainy Lake District. 126

 

120 Lines of 2-fathom Ojibway hunter's canoe, 1849 and long-nose

Minnesota Ojibway rice-harvesting canoe. 127

 

121 Photos: Canoe building, Lac Seul, Canada, 1918 128-129

 

122 Long Lake Ojibway long-nose canoe. (_Canadian Geological

Survey photo._) 130

 

123 Photo: Ojibway 19-foot canoe with 13 Indians aboard (1913) 131

 

124 Lines of 2½-fathom western Cree canoe, Winisk River district,

northwest of James Bay. 133

 

125 Lines of a 6-fathom fur-trade canoe of the early 19th century. 134

 

126 Inboard profile of a 6-fathom fur-trade canoe, and details of

construction, fitting, and decoration. 135

 

127 Lines of small 3-fathom north canoe of the Têtes de Boule

model. 136

 

128 Photo: Models of fur-trade canoes. 137

 

129 "Fur-Trade Maître Canot With Passengers." From an oil

painting by Hopkins (_Public Archives of Canada photo_). 138

 

130 "Bivouac in Expedition in Hudson's Bay Canoe." From an oil

painting by Hopkins (_Public Archives of Canada photo_). 139

 

131 Ojibway 3-fathom fur-trade canoe, a cargo-carrying type,

marked by cut-under end profiles, that was built as late as

1894. 139

 

132 Lines of a 5-fathom fur-trade canoe, Grand Lake Victoria

Post, Hudson's Bay Company. 140

 

133 "Hudson's Bay Canoe Running the Rapids." From an oil painting

by Hopkins (_Public Archives of Canada photo_). 141

 

134 "Repairing the Canoe." From an oil painting by Hopkins

(_Public Archives of Canada photo_). 142

 

135 Lines of a 4½-fathom Hudson's Bay Company "North Canoe,"

built by Crees near James Bay, mid-19th century. 143

 

136 Photo: 5-fathom fur-trade canoe from Brunswick House, a

Hudson's Bay Company post. 144

 

137 Fur-trade canoes on the Missinaibi River, 1901. (_Canadian Geological Survey photo._) 145